A Case Study of Marriott International - 9298 Words

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Marriott International envisions itself to be the world’s lodging leader. Its mission is to provide the best possible lodging services experience to customers who vary in backgrounds, language, tradition, religion and cultures all around the world. Marriot is committed to environmental preservation through using environment-friendly technology and engages in social responsibility and community engagement. We value our shareholder’s so we will only take steps that will ensure our growth. Most importantly, through our â€Å"spirit to serve†, we emphasize the importance of Marriott’s people and recognize the value they bring to the organization’s growth and success. It aims to increase revenues by 9% every year, to increase†¦show more content†¦Accor – This is a private French Company and of the largest employers in the lodging industry. It employs 168,600 employees working in 4,000 properties in 90 countries. It is ranked second with the revenues of $9.03 billion in 2005. It is well known for its upscale brands, Len and Sofitel. Accor also operates and owns stakes in several hospitality and food services. Hilton Hotels Corporation – Hilton was founded in 1946 and headquartered in Beverly Hills, California. It has 2,838 hotels worldwide under the brands Conrad, Doubletree, Embassy Suites etc. HTL operates upscale full-service and limited service hotels in urban, airport, resort and suburban locations. It ranks third in the number of employees (105,000) and revenues ($8.6 billion) but second in net income of $552 million. Intercontinental Hotels Group – It is British company and the most profitable among the four industry leaders. It owns, manages, leases and franchises approximately 3,741 hotels in approximately 100 countries as of 2006. It ranks number one in gross margins (54%), operating margins (24.7%) and earnings per share ($2.10) even if it’s smallest in the strategic group. It appears to be the cost leader among the big four companies in the industry. II. CPM and EXTERNAL FACTOR EVALUATOR Table 1 Competitive Profile Matrix | | |AccorShow MoreRelatedMarriott International Case Study1864 Words   |  8 PagesThe Mega-merger in Hospitality Industry ---- A Case Study of Marriott Internationals Acquisition of Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide Introduction On 23 September 2016, Marriott officially announced the completion of acquiring Starwood at the price $13.6 billlion. Lately, it is not surprising to see the report like this has swept over the business sector in the newspaper. 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Health Status and Health Care Services in the United Kingdom Free Essays

Health Status and Health Care Services in the United Kingdom with comparison to the United States HSM-310 Introduction to Health Services Management Course Project Date submitted: 10/18/2009 Table of Contents Executive Summary Population and Health Status†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Demographic characteristics of population Mortality, Infant mortality data, causes of death *Availability of Health Services* Basic organization/general description of services institutions, providers of care Issues related to access Utilization of services (data, if available) Other related information/analysis Expenditures How are health services paid for; any roles for the government here Data on total expenditures *Macro environmental influences on the health care system* Public Private *Summary comments* Problems Opportunities Other related comments regarding this country’s health care services Comparison to the United States: what works better, what is not working as well†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. We will write a custom essay sample on Health Status and Health Care Services in the United Kingdom or any similar topic only for you Order Now Concluding comments: Lessons learned for the U. S. , other countries†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Bibliography (required)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Executive Summary The United Kingdom’s population is growing and the people are living longer, this could be due to the fact that healthcare is free and people are using it when they need it and not waiting to see a doctor when they can afford it. However, with the growing size of the population the cost of healthcare is rising and the need for funding the tax financed health plan needs to be reformed. Hopefully by seeing what other countries use to have a successful health care plan the UK can implement some of their ideas with their own and ucceed at having an efficient and effective health plan that delivers the highest quality of health care. Population and Health Status in the United Kingdom The Office of National Statistics reported that the population in the United Kingdom (UK) was 61. 4 million people in mid-2008, which is a 408,000 increase from the year before. The rise in population over the past 12 months is not due to migration but to the increased number of birth s and the decreased number in deaths (ONS, 2008). It seems that the people in the UK are living longer and leading healthier lifestyles than in the past. The life expectancy at the time of birth for males is 76. 52 years and 81. 63 for females, and the infant mortality rate is 4. 85 deaths per 1000 births (Flag Counter, 2009). Below are the top ten leading causes of death in the United Kingdom: Ischemic heart disease Lower Respiratory infections Cerebrovascular disease Trachea, bronchus, lung cancers Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Colon and rectum cancers Breast Cancer Alzheimer and other dementias Prostate Cancer 10. Lymphomas, multiple myeloma (WHO,2009) Here in the US we share many of these leading causes except for Lymphomas and Prostate cancer, we add traffic accidents and diabetes mellitus. I would assume this is because Americans drive more than the British and that the general population of the US is overweight, which is a leading cause of diabetes. The US and the UK share nearly the same life expectancy and the infant mortality rate is a bit higher here in the US. Overall the US and the UK share little difference when it comes to life expectancy, infant mortality and the leading causes of death. Availability of Services The UK has a National Health Service (NHS) that is a publicly funded health care service. The NHS is divided into two different sections: primary and secondary care. The primary care section consists of General practice physicians, dentists, optometrists and pharmacist, the primary care section is referred to as the Primary Care Trust (PCT). The Secondary section is made up of acute or elective healthcare options, such as emergency and urgent care, ambulance and surgery, these acute services are referred to as NHS trusts. The PCT oversees around 29,000 GP’s and 18,000 dentists, there are around 175 acute NHS trusts, 60 mental health NHS trusts and 1600 NHS trusts hospitals. Emergency vehicles are also provided by an NHS ambulance services trusts; there are 11 of these ambulance services trust in England (NHS, 2009). The healthcare facilities are basically the same as they are here in the US; there are hospitals, clinics, urgent care facilities, doctor’s offices and pharmacies. The main concern with the access of healthcare in the UK is the waiting times to be seen by a specialist after being referred by a primary physician. In England the wait time is around 18 weeks to see a specialist. Many patients in the UK have said that there is difficulty in accessing GP on the weekends or after-hours as well. As with other nations the UK also has a shortage of healthcare workers which increases the wait times and the quality of care that patients are receiving. The main focus of the NHS is to provide the highest quality of care as well as decreasing the wait times and adding more healthcare facilities. Expenditures The NHS was built on the ideal that healthcare should be provided to everyone regardless of wealth. With the exception of charges for some prescriptions and optical and dental services, the NHS remains free at the point of use for anyone who is resident in the UK. It covers everything from antenatal screening and routine treatments for coughs and colds to open heart surgery, accident and emergency treatment and end-of-life care. The NHS is a tax financed healthcare system, the public pays a higher tax for their healthcare to be free. The Department of Health much like that in the US, oversees the NHS. All employees of the NHS are government employees and are by paid by the government. There is a very small private sector of healthcare in the UK and if you either be seen by an NHS physician or by a private physician whom you would pay out-of-pocket to see. The responsibility for health legislation and policy rests in the hands of the government at the Parliament of Westminster. The treasury/finance ministry set a budget and that determines what share of government receipt will be used to finance the healthcare system. The budget is done in three year cycles. In 2004 the total healthcare expenditure in the UK was 101 billion pounds the funding for NHS alone was 86. 6 billion pounds. The expenditure on healthcare is continually rising. Here in the US the healthcare system is privately funded through grants, donations and fees for service. We pay insurance to cover our healthcare costs or we pay out of pocket for the services. There has been some concern on whether or not the UK NHS system will continue to work, taxes will need to increase and there will need to be more funding. There is a push to have a mixed system that is both private and public. *Macro environmental *Influences There is a common problem with the migrant jump to the UK to take advantage of the healthcare and the citizens are footing the bill. The need for funding for NHS is rising and there is concern on how they are going to continue to pay for the services. The UK is in need of a plan to implement a privately funded healthcare service alongside the tax financed service. Implement co-pays on some of the services that are provided and take into consideration the benefits of including the private sector. Summary Overall the UK has a well implemented plan for their healthcare services, the problems that they face are the same that are faced by many other countries, from funding to the quality and the accessibility of services. In comparison to the US the UK faces many of the same issues, the shortage of healthcare professionals to the need for reform. The universal health care plan has worked for the UK and the private plan has worked for the US in the past but now there needs to be changes made because of the rising cost of healthcare in both countries. The UK is learning that there is a need for change and that by seeing other countries such as the US use private health insurance plans they can create some kind of balance. Bibliography How to cite Health Status and Health Care Services in the United Kingdom, Papers

Classical Conditioning and Ice Cream Truck Essay Example For Students

Classical Conditioning and Ice Cream Truck Essay Functionalistic and Associationistic Theories Discussion 1. What is the different between conditioned and unconditioned responses? Provide at least three examples of each type of response. Conditioned is a learned reaction to a conditioned stimulus that occurs because of prior conditioning and unconditioned is an unlearned reaction/response to an unconditioned stimulus that occurs without prior conditioning. Example: 2. According to Pavlov, what determines how individuals respond to the environment? The momentary cortical mosaic determines how an organism will respond to its environment. Pavlov saw the brain as a mosaic of points of excitation and inhibition. Each point on the brain corresponds to an environmental event. 3. What is the Garcia effect? How can the Garcia effect be used? Garcia effect is a conditioned taste aversion. With the Garcia experiments, rats were given saccharine – sweetened water, causing nausea and illness to the rats. Through the experiments, the rats would avoid the taste after being presented with a new taste. Garcias discovery, conditioned taste aversion, is considered a survival mechanism because it allows an organism to recognize foods that have previously been determined to be poisonous. The Garcia effect has been used to control predators such as wild coyotes that prey on limbs and other livestock. 4. What does it mean when a behavior is classified as a conditioned response? What are some examples of a conditioned emotional response that you have observed in yourself or in a friend? This behavior is a learned conditioned that involves with emotional reactions such as fear, anger or joy. An example of a conditioned response is observing my kids and the ice cream truck. They love ice cream and they get excited to eat it. When they hear the ice cream truck coming they are happy and excited. Their unconditioned stimulus would be the ice cream and their unconditioned response is that they are happy and excited. The conditioned stimulus coming from the music from ice cream truck is targeting their conditioned response making them happy and excited every time when hearing music from ice cream truck. The kids learned when they hear the ice cream truck, they are getting ce cream. 5. How could you use classical conditioning procedures to help someone quit smoking? Smoking is a habit and can become classically conditioned to think of a cigarette every time an individual learn to associate the pleasures of smoking with all of their daily activities they usually perform while smoking. For example, if they smoke while drinking a cup of coffee, the sight and smell of a cup of coff ee could trigger the craving for a cigarette or if they smoke while driving to work, getting into the car can result in a craving for a cigarette. The smoker needs to identify and plan for all of the places and behaviors they associate with smoking before they are able to quit. Once they have identified all the things that trigger them in the craving. They will have to change their daily routine, so they can eliminate the connection between the triggers and smoking. 6. Can Guthrie’s techniques for breaking bad habits be applied to serious problems in a clinical setting? Why or why not? Yes Guthrie’s technique in the three methods for breaking habits involved with the threshold method, fatigue method and incompatible response method can be applied to a clinical setting. All of these methods consist in presenting the cues of an undesirable action and seeing to it that the action is not performed. With Guthrie’s techniques, an individual is entails to getting use to the new habit and also have the ability to repeat the bad habit over and over until they get sick of it. They also will be paring an unpleasant behavior with a more pleasant behavior. .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59 , .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59 .postImageUrl , .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59 , .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59:hover , .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59:visited , .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59:active { border:0!important; } .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59:active , .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59 .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucff5288499210c6c99bc2e65550bdc59:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Child Abuse EssayGuthrie also uses punishment in breaking bad habits. For example if a person is being punish for a bad habit, that person will try to change their habits. 7. How does Guthrie’s theory of learning differ from Thorndike’s? According to Guthrie, all learning was a consequence of association between a particular stimulus and response. Guthrie argued that stimuli and responses affect specific sensory-motor patterns; what are learned are movements, not behaviors. 8. According to Estes, how is one learning experience generalized to nother? 9. According to Estes’ model of learning, what role does reinforcement play in learning? According to Es tes’ model of learning, reinforcement does not relate to the learning of behavior but he views the role of reinforcement as stresses of the information that it provides to the organism. He believed the reinforcements were learned also, as an outcome of some response. In this view, reinforcement and punishment are performance variables since they determine how material already learned will manifest itself in behavior